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Wikipedia: Abrams v. Oyez: Abrams v. FindLaw: Abrams v. Legal Information Institute: Abrams v. Justia: Abrams v. Wikipedia: Debs v. United States. Encarta: Debs. Eugene V. Debs Foundation: Personal History.

Wikipedia: Eugene V. Encarta: Eugene V. InfoPlease: Eugene V. Eugene Debs — Further Readings. Google Directory: Eugene V. Open Directory Project: Eugene V. Yahoo Directory: Eugene V. Wikipedia: Socialist Party of America. FindLaw: Debs. Justia: Debs. Frohwerk v. First Amendment Center: Frohwerk v. FindLaw: Frohwerk v. Justia: Frohwerk v. Gitlow v. New York Wikipedia: Gitlow v. New York. The Narcissist. This article was originally published on The Atlantic.

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The main theme of the speech was Socialism, its growth, and a prophecy of its ultimate success. With that we have nothing to do, but if a part or the manifest intent of the. The speaker began by saying that he had just returned from a visit to the workhouse in the neighborhood where three of their most loyal comrades were paying the penalty for their devotion to the working class -- these being Wagenknecht, Baker, and Ruthenberg, who had been convicted of aiding and abetting another in failing to register for the draft.

Ruthenberg v. United States, U. He said that he had to be prudent, and might not be able to say all that he thought, thus intimating to his hearers that they might infer that he meant more, but he did say that those persons were paying the penalty for standing erect and for seeking to pave the way to better conditions for all mankind. Later he added further eulogies, and said that he was proud of them. He then expressed opposition to Prussian militarism in a way that naturally might have been thought to be intended to include the mode of proceeding in the United States.

After considerable discourse that it is unnecessary to follow, he took up the case of Kate Richards O'Hare, convicted of obstructing the enlistment service, praised her for her loyalty to Socialism and otherwise, and said that she was convicted on false testimony, under a ruling that would seem incredible to him if he had not had some experience with a federal court.

We mention this passage simply for its connection with evidence put in at the trial. The defendant spoke of other cases, and then, after dealing with Russia, said that the master class has always declared the war and the subject class has always fought the battles -- that the subject class has had nothing to gain and all to lose, including their lives; that the working class, who furnish the corpses, have never yet had a voice in declaring war and never yet had a voice in declaring.

He said that she went out to render her service to the cause in this day of crises, and they sent her to the penitentiary for ten years; that she had said no more than the speaker had said that afternoon; that, if she was guilty, so was he, and that he would not be cowardly enough to plead his innocence, but that her message that opened the eyes of the people must be suppressed, and so after a mock trial before a packed jury and a corporation tool on the bench, she was sent to the penitentiary for ten years.

There followed personal experiences and illustrations of the growth of socialism, a glorification of minorities, and a prophecy of the success of the international socialist crusade, with the interjection that "you need to know that you are fit for something better than slavery and cannon fodder. I admit it. Gentlemen, I abhor war.

I would oppose the war if I stood alone. If that was intended and if, in all the circumstances, that would be its probable effect, it would not be protected by reason of its being part of a general program and expressions of a general and conscientious belief.

The chief defenses upon which the defendant seemed willing to rely were the denial that we have dealt with and that based upon the First Amendment to the Constitution, disposed of in Schenck v. His counsel questioned the sufficiency of the indictment. It is sufficient in form. Frohwerk v. United States, ante, U. The most important question that remains is raised by the admission in evidence of the record of the conviction of Ruthenberg, Wagenknecht, and Baker, Rose Pastor Stokes, and Kate Richards O'Hare.

The defendant purported to understand the grounds on which these persons were imprisoned, and it was proper to show what those grounds were in order to show what he was talking about, to explain the true import of his expression of sympathy, and to throw light on the intent of the address so far as the present matter is concerned. Louis in April, , coupled with testimony that, about an hour before his speech, the defendant had stated that he approved of that platform in spirit and in substance.



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