Available from: en. Pridan D. Rudolf Virchow and social medicine in historical perspective. Med Hist ; Azar HA. Rudolf Virchow, not just a pathologist: A re-examination of the report on the typhus epidemic in Upper Silesia. Ann Diagn Pathol ; Taylor R, Rieger A. Medicine as social science: Rudolf Virchow on the typhus epidemic in Upper Silesia. Int J Health Serv ; Bagot CN, Arya R. Many prior theories had not been based on scientific observations and experiments.
At a young age, Virchow already exhibited extraordinary intellectual abilities, and his parents paid for extra lessons to advance Virchow's education. Virchow attended the local elementary school at Shivelbein and was the best student in his class in high school. In , Virchow was awarded a scholarship to study medicine from the Prussian Military Academy, which would prepare him to become an army physician. After graduating in , Virchow became an intern at a German teaching hospital in Berlin, where he learned the basics of microscopy and the theories on the causes and treatment of diseases while working with Robert Froriep, a pathologist.
At the time, scientists believed that they could understand nature by working from first principles rather than concrete observations and experiments.
As such, many theories were incorrect or misleading. Virchow aimed to change medicine to become more scientific, based on data gathered from the world.
Virchow became a licensed doctor in , traveling to Austria and Prague. In , he became an instructor at the University of Berlin. Virchow had a profound impact on German medicine and taught a number of people who would later become influential scientists, including two of the four physicians who founded Johns Hopkins Hospital. Virchow also began a new journal called Archives for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology and Clinical Medicine with a colleague in In , Virchow helped evaluate typhus outbreaks in Silesia, a poor area in what is now Poland.
In , Virchow became the first director of the Pathological Institute at the University of Berlin. Alongside his research, Virchow remained active in politics, and in was elected as the city councilor of Berlin, a position he held for 42 years.
In , Virchow was recognized for 50 years of service to the University of Berlin. In , Virchow jumped out of a moving tram and injured his hip.
His health continued to deteriorate until his death later that year. Virchow married Rose Mayer, the daughter of a colleague, in Virchow was given a number of awards during his lifetime for both his scientific and political accomplishments, including:.
A number of medical terms have also been named after Virchow. Virchow died on September 5, in Berlin, Germany, due to heart failure.
The principle of the cause of thrombosis recognized by Virchow and the theory of cellular pathology were decisive for the replacement of the Krasen theory previously used in medicine, which attributes diseases to an uneven mixture of bodily fluids, and thus the humoral pathology existing since antiquity, which regarded harmful mixtures of bodily fluids as the cause of disease, by a modern, scientifically founded pathology and pathophysiology. In court practice, the concept of artificial defect concerns violations of generally recognized rules of medical science Latin: Lege artis , i.
Virchow remained in Berlin for 46 years until his death. In the year , during the Franco-Prussian War, he organized hospital trains, with which he himself travelled to the front, and had barrack hospitals erected on the Tempelhofer Feld. He did not recover from the protracted consequences of this accident despite an initially promising bathing and spa stay in May in the Bohemian town of Teplitz.
He died eight months after his accident on 5 September in Berlin at age References and Further Reading:.
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