See also Newsom Church of England report on church schools and religious education. It provided for the establishment of five education and library boards in place of the previous eight local education authorities and sixteen library authorities. It also substituted metric units for the imperial measures used in previous regulations.
A similar change took place in Scotland. Education is dealt with in sections It dealt with adoption, children in custody and care, and fostered children; and it set out the duties and responsibilites of local authorities, parents and guardians. It amended the Sex Discrimination Act to bring it into line with this Act.
It was repealed by Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government in Includes a section on education pages See also Robbins , Dearing and Browne The first GCSE exams were taken in Its proposals formed the basis of the Education Act.
The final report was Swann - see below. There is nothing specifically about education, but Part II deals with training for employment. Its major provisions concerned the curriculum the National Curriculum, religious education and collective worship, establishment of curriculum and assessment councils ; the admission of pupils to county and voluntary schools; local management of schools LMS ; grant-maintained GM schools; city technology colleges CTCs ; changes in further and higher education; and the abolition of the Inner London Education Authority ILEA.
Scotland Act 16 November : made provision for Scottish schools to opt out of local authority control. In the event, hardly any did so. Ron Dearing's review sought to make them more manageable. It was seen by many as evidence that the government was more concerned about the poor behaviour of school pupils than with the disreputable activities of some of its own MPs.
See also Robbins , Oakes and Browne The Regulations applied to schools maintained by local education authorities including pupil referral units and, until 1st September , to grant-maintained and grant-maintained special schools in England and Wales.
Applied to inspections from January Included inspection forms and guidance notes. Act 14 July : this wide-ranging Act was one of the first of the devolved Scottish Parliament, established in May It abolished the Further Education Funding Councils, required the Secretary of State's approval for external qualifications, and allowed city technology colleges to be renamed city academies.
Getting it right. September : report of the Priority Review chaired by Peter Wanless into the number of black pupils excluded from school. See also the government's response in Two follow-up documents were published in March - one for Primary schools and one for Secondary schools.
With many provisions relating to schools, it replaced nine previous Acts and almost a hundred sets of regulations which had been issued over several decades. A: London, England, United Kingdom. The Act established the framework for compulsory schooling of all children in England and Wales between ages 5 and 12 in England and Wales, however the bill did not entirely require education of children, and in any case the education had to be paid for by the parents. There were objections to the concept of universal education.
One was because many people remained hostile to the idea of mass education. Its lobbying led to the Act, which created school boards funded through local rates. The Act also responded to economic and social necessities, recognising the need for an educated workforce if Britain was to retain its industry and competitiveness.
The Reform Act had also significantly increased the electorate, extending suffrage to working class men. Reformers argued the new voting power required a more educated working class. However, many remained hostile to the idea of educating the working class, fearing it could de-stabilise the class system and foment dissent.
Others warned of the indoctrination risk of mass education. The Act also allowed parents to withdraw their children from religious education, potentially undermining the role of the Church.
Many families themselves objected to compulsory education, arguing they needed children to earn a wage. Unsurprisingly the Act also established attendance officers to enforce attendance and parents could be fined for keeping their children out of school. Schools are required to deal with a significantly enlarged student body and this can create logistical problems with staff and classroom numbers. This helped schools manage capacity problems as pupils spent a year longer at primary school and came to secondary school later.
There are now fewer than middle schools in England, concentrated in 22 LEAs. After the Act schools were provided with temporary buildings to house their new final year. These became known as ROSLA Raising school leaving age buildings and were delivered to schools as self assembly packs. Although not designed for long-term use, many schools continued using them. There is also scepticism that the school leaving age is increased at times when the government wishes to reduce the number of young people seeking employment, and thereby increasing the unemployment statistics.
The latest ambitions to increase the education leaving age to 18 have not been without controversy. Former education secretary Alan Johnson defended the proposals. Pointing to a decline in unskilled jobs, he said young people must be equipped to meet the demands of modern employment.
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